high grade crude | edible oil refinery plant in pakistan

                                               
                                               
                                               
                                               
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  • What is crude oil?
  • Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that can be classified into various grades and types based on several factors such as density, sulfur content, and overall quality. Understanding these classifications is essential for stakeholders in the oil industry, including producers, refiners, and marketers.‌
  • Why did we invest in oil refineries before the shale boom?
  • Long before the U.S. shale boom, when global production of light sweet crude oil was declining, we made significant investments in our refineries to process heavier, high-sulfur crude oils that were more widely available in the global market.‌
  • Which oil grades are most heavily traded?
  • Among the most heavily-traded grades are the West Texas Intermediate (also referred to as WTI) and Brent North Sea Crude (also referred to as Brent Crude). Sourced from the United States – largely from the Permian Basin – WTI is the primary oil benchmark for North America.‌
  • Do refineries need heavier crude oil?
  • Many American refineries need heavier crudes than what is largely produced in the United States. Crude oils have different viscosities or “gravities.” “Heavy” crude oil is more viscous, while “light” crude oil is thinner. Crude oils also have different sulfur content. Low-sulfur crude is called “sweet” and high-sulfur crude is called “sour.”‌
  • Why is heavy crude more difficult to refine?
  • It is more viscous and requires more energy to pump and transport. Heavy crude typically contains more impurities and higher sulfur content, making it more challenging to refine.Prominent examples include the oil sands in Alberta, Canada, and the Orinoco Belt in Venezuela. These regions are known for producing significant quantities of heavy crude.‌
  • What is heavy crude oil?
  • Heavy crude oil has been defined as any liquid petroleum with an API gravity less than 20°. Physical properties that differ between heavy crude oils and lighter grades include higher viscosity and specific gravity, as well as higher molecular weight hydrocarbon composition.